Acidity
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Dr. Raosaheb Rathod
M.B.B.S, M. D. (Medicine), D.M. (Gastroenterology)
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Acidity
Acidity, often referred to as acid reflux or gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), is a common digestive disorder characterized by the backflow of stomach acid into the esophagus. This occurs when the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), a ring of muscle at the junction between the esophagus and stomach, relaxes improperly or weakens, allowing stomach acid and sometimes bile to irritate the lining of the esophagus.
Symptoms of acidity include heartburn, a burning sensation in the chest that may worsen after eating or lying down; regurgitation of sour or bitter-tasting acid into the throat or mouth; difficulty swallowing; and a persistent cough or sore throat. Chronic acidity can lead to complications such as esophagitis (inflammation of the esophagus), esophageal strictures (narrowing of the esophagus), Barrett’s esophagus (changes in the lining of the esophagus that can increase the risk of esophageal cancer), and respiratory problems.
Management of acidity typically involves lifestyle modifications such as avoiding trigger foods (e.g., spicy or fatty foods, caffeine, alcohol), eating smaller meals, maintaining a healthy weight, and avoiding lying down right after eating. Medications like antacids, H2 blockers, or proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) may be prescribed to reduce stomach acid production or neutralize existing acid. In severe cases or when complications arise, surgical procedures may be considered to strengthen the LES or repair damage to the esophagus.
Effective management of acidity aims to alleviate symptoms, heal any damage to the esophagus, and prevent complications, enhancing the overall quality of life for individuals affected by this common digestive issue.